Artificial intelligence: a new era in editing academic and popular science writing

    Abstract

    The article, based on Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine, examines the prospects for applying generative artificial intelligence (using ChatGPT as an example) in encyclopedia studies, particularly for enhancing the efficiency of editors in preparing encyclopedic content. It emphasizes that ChatGPT can serve as a valuable assistant to the editor, especially through its ability to analyze author manuscripts, identify shortcomings, gaps, and inaccuracies, verify facts and statistical data, and suggest linguistic and stylistic improvements. A separate focus is placed on the compositional organization of the encyclopedic article’s text (its division into structural elements, including paragraphs) even though such structuring is absent in many reference works. The paper stresses that articles divided into paragraphs or sections are more likely to be read and, consequently, are of greater practical value. ChatGPT has the potential to provide such structural organization in encyclopedic publications, particularly their online versions (although certain risks must be taken into account). The same capabilities of artificial intelligence can also be applied by editorial teams during the preparation of new articles.

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    Штучний інтелект – нова ера у роботі редактора наукового і науково-популярного видання

    Резюме

    У дослідженні, проведеному на матеріалі Енциклопедії Сучасної України, простежено перспективи використання генеративного штучного інтелекту (на прикладі ChatGPT) в енциклопедистиці, зокрема для підвищення ефективності роботи редактора з підготовки енциклопедичного контенту. Наголошено, що ChatGPT може стати корисним помічником редактора. Йдеться передусім про можливості штучного інтелекту аналізувати авторські рукописи, виявляти в них недоліки, прогалини, неточності, перевіряти факти, статистичні дані тощо, пропонувати мовно-стилістичні вдосконалення. Окреме місце в дослідженні відведено ролі композиційної організації тексту енциклопедичної статті (його поділу на структурні елементи, зокрема параграфи), навіть якщо в багатьох виданнях вона відсутня. Акцентовано на тому, що статті, членовані на параграфи чи розділи, мають вищі шанси бути прочитаними, отже, й володіють більшою практичною користю. ChatGPT здатний у таких виданнях, зокрема їхніх онлайн-версіях, надати статтям структури (однак тут треба зважати на певні ризики), ці ж уміння штучного інтелекту редакції можуть використовувати й на етапі підготовки кожної нової статті.

    ВСТУП

    Енциклопедії є важливим джерелом знань, що у стислому вигляді системати­зують відомості з різних галузей науки і видів діяльності (O’Sullivan, 2011). З почат­ком цифрової доби функціональність енциклопедій і зручність користування їхньою інформацією збільшились. Комп’ютерні технології вплинули на способи підготовки, організацію та представлення енциклопедичних знань, сприяючи їх доступності й по­ширенню та засвоєнню (Jermen & Jecić, 2018)...

    Читати далі

    Література

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    Breazu, P., & Katsos, N. (2024). ChatGPT-4 as a journalist: Whose perspectives is it reproducing? Discourse & Society, 35(6), 687–707. https://doi.org/10.1177/09579265241251479

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    Google Scholar

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    Google Scholar

    Gernsbacher, M. A., & Kaschak, M. P. (2013). Text comprehension. In D. Reisberg (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of cognitive psychology (pp. 462-474). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376746.013.0029

    Google Scholar

    Greetham, D. C. (1999). Structure and Sign in the Text: Structuralism and Semiotics. In D. C. Greetham (Ed.), Theories of the Text (pp. 276-325). Oxford: University Press eBooks. https://doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198119937.003.0008

    Google Scholar

    Jermen, N., & Jecić, Z. (2018). Science networking: role of online encyclopaedias. Circum­scribere: International Journal for the History of Science, 21, 84–95. https://doi.org/10.23925/1980-7651.2018v21;p84-95

    Google Scholar

    Juvina, I., & van Oostendorp, H. (2008). Modeling Semantic and Structural Knowledge in Web Navigation. Discourse Processes, 45(4–5), 346–364. https://doi.org/10.1080/01638530802145205

    Google Scholar

    Kim, T. W. (2023). Application of artificial intelligence chatbot, including ChatGPT in education, scholarly work, programming, and content generation and its prospects: a narra­tive review. Journal of Educational Evaluation for Health Professions, 20, 38. https://doi.org/10.3352/jeehp.2023.20.38

    Google Scholar

    Kubiszewski, I., Noordewier, T., & Costanza, R. (2010). Perceived credibility of Internet encyclo­pedias. Computers & Education, 56(3), 659–667. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2010.10.008

    Google Scholar

    Lai, V., Ngo, N., Veyseh, A. P. B., Man, H., Dernoncourt, F., Bui, T., & Nguyen, T. (2023). ChatGPT beyond English: Towards a comprehensive evaluation of large lan­guage models in multilingual learning. In Findings of the Association for Compu­tational Linguistics: EMNLP 2023 (pp. 13171–13189). Association for Compu­tational Linguistics. https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2023.findings-emnlp.878

    Google Scholar

    Loveland, J. (2012). Why Encyclopedias Got Bigger … and Smaller. Information & Culture, 47(2), 233–254. https://doi.org/10.1353/lac.2012.0012

    Google Scholar

    O’Sullivan, D. (2011). What is an Encyclopedia? A Brief Historical Overview from Pliny to Wikipedia. In G. Lovink & N. Tkacz (Eds.), Critical point of view: A Wikipedia reader (pp. 34–49). Institute of Network Cultures.

    Google Scholar

    OpenAI. (2024). ChatGPT (ver. GPT-4). Retrieved from https://chat.openai.com/chat

    Google Scholar

    Rector, L. H. (2008). Comparison of Wikipedia and other encyclopedias for accuracy, breadth, and depth in historical articles. Reference Services Review, 36(1), 7–22. https://doi.org/10.1108/00907320810851998

    Google Scholar

    Schindler, I., Hosoya, G., Menninghaus, W., Beermann, U., Wagner, V., Eid, M., & Scherer, K. R. (2017). Measuring aesthetic emotions: A review of the literature and a new assessment tool. PLoS ONE, 12(6), e0178899. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0178899

    Google Scholar

    Schönhofen, P. (2008). Annotating Documents by Wikipedia Concepts. Proceedings of the 2008 International Conference on Web Intelligence and Intelligent Agent Technology (pp. 461–467). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/wiiat.2008.56

    Google Scholar

    Stokel-Walker, C. (2023, October 19). AI tidies up Wikipedia’s references — and boosts reliabil­ity. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-023-02894-x

    Google Scholar

    Sun, Y., Sheng, D., Zhou, Z., & Wu, Y. (2024). AI hallucination: towards a comprehensive classi­fication of distorted information in artificial intelligence-generated content. Hu­manities and Social Sciences Communications, 11, 1278. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41599-024-03811-x

    Google Scholar

    Upshall, M. (2014). What Future for Traditional Encyclopedias in the Age of Wikipedia? Culture Unbound Journal of Current Cultural Research, 6(3), 641–646. https://doi.org/10.3384/cu.2000.1525.146641

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    Van den Broek, P., & Kremer, K. (2000). The mind in action: What it means to comprehend during reading. In B. M. Taylor, M. F. Graves, & P. Broek (Eds.), Reading for meaning: Fostering comprehension in the middle grades (pp. 1–31). Teachers College Press.

    Google Scholar

    Wexelbaum, R. (2012). Is the encyclopedia dead? Evaluating the usefulness of a traditional reference resource. Reference Reviews, 26(7), 7–11. https://doi.org/10.1108/09504121211270780

    Google Scholar

    Zhelezniak, M., & Ishchenko, O. (2025). Online Encyclopedias and Generative Artificial Intelli­gence: Challenges and Opportunities (case of the Encyclopedia of Modern Ukraine). Science and Innovation, 21(2). 64–72. https://doi.org/10.15407/scine21.02.06

    Google Scholar